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4 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. L. & D. M. KITSELMAN. WINDMILL.

$10,356,137. Patented Jan. 18,1887.

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(NO Model.)

A. L. & D. M. K ITSELMAN.

WINDMILL.

Patented Jah. 18, 188.7

Witwco'oeo N iTE STATES ALVA L. KITSELMAN AND DAVIS M. KITSELMAN, OF RIDGEVILLE, IND.

WINDMILL.

$PECIZEICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 356,137, dated January 18, 1887.

Application filed January 6, 1886.

have invented a new and useful Improvement inWindmills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to windmills; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a windmill embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line at 00, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section through the wheel-shaft on the line 11 y, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the bearings of the wheel-shaft on the line .2 2, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of 'a detached portion of the wheel. Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional views through the wheel-shaft, showing a pin-bearing therefor. 'Fig. 9 is an enlarged plan view similar to Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is an enlarged longitudinal -section similar to Fig. 4.

Likeletters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the windmill tower or derrick. For purpose of illustration we have shown a preferred form of tower consisting of corner-posts a a, (four in number,) having their upper ends converging inward toward each other and boltedtogether. A socket-piece, B, is placed between the meeting upper ends-of the corner-posts, and consists of an annular horizontal portion, b,which rests on the upper ends of all of the posts a, the vertical cylindrical portion 0, and the fins or projections d, the latter fitting in the space between the sides of the corner-posts. The socket-piece is bored centrally to receive the depending leg 0 of the turn-table D.

It will be observed that when the meeting upper ends of the posts a are bolted together the socket-piece is clamped in the position explained,'the flange or horizontal portion b fitting over the upper ends of the posts and holding the socket-piece from dropping down. The

, fins or projections (I prevent the socket-piece Serial Nd. 187,816.

(No model.)

from being rotated or moved laterally. At any suitable point on the length of the cornerposts is provided a platform, E, braced in any suitable manner, and the bars 0, which connect the corner-posts, formsteps leading up to the platform, a hole or open ing,f, being made in the latter to allow the passage of. any person onto the platform. By this means access is obtained to the platform, from whence the windmill and its parts can be inspected or repaired as needed.

The leg 0 of the turntable D is made hollow or tubular, to allow the passage of the pump-pole or plunger E, and located on the leg 0 is a plate, F, (which in the present instance is triangular,) said plate carrying at its corners friction rollers or wheels which run.

on the upper face of the socketpiece B. The turn-table D rests on the rollers or wheels g,so that as the table turns the rollers are caused to travel over the face of the socket-piece and not only reduce the friction, but also enable the parts to work with greater freedom of movement. v

The turn-table D is provided with an am or bracket, G, which serves as a bearing for the wheel-shaft H. A detachable piece, I, is secured to the arm or bracket Gover'the wheelshaft, and has its inner end curved upward and extended inward above the turn-table, as at h. A series of balls, '6, are arranged in a circle around the wheelshaft and within the bracket G and cap-piece I, as shown in Fig. 5, the said cap-piece serving to confine the balls, while at the same allowing the free movement thereof.

It Will be understood that the ball-bearings for the wheel-shaft are placed at each end of the latter, as seen in Fig. 4, so that the shaft rests upon the balls and does not touch the arm or bracket or the cap-piece when in operation. This arrangement reduces the friction on the wheel-shaft to a minimum, and consequently there will be less wear on the parts. On the inner end of the wheel-shaft H is 10- cateda disk or crank-wheel, J, having a projecting wrist or crank pin, K, around which is placedafrictionsleeve, L, secured in position by a screw and washer, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. The crank or wrist pin, with its friction-sleeve .works in a horizontal link, M, provided on the plunger or pump-rod E, the

ICO

latter having its upper end reciprocating in a passage provided in the extension h of the cappiece I. This link may be either formed integral with the pump-rod or plunger, or separate therefrom; and in the latter case the link will be suitably coupled or connected tothe plunger. It will be seen that when the shaft is rotated by the motion of the wheel N the crank-pin is caused to traverse the length of the link M from one end to the other, and vice versa, and alternately raise and lower plunger or pump-rod, in the manner and for the purpose Well known. By causing the upper end of the plunger to work in the extension h and its main portion to reciprocate through the turn-table and its tubular leg said plunger is guided in its movements and cannot work laterally to disarrange any of the parts.

' The outer end of the wheel shaft H is threaded to screw into the hub of the wheel N, and projecting from the hub, on the outer.

side of the wheel, is a straight rod, 0, having a conical or funnel-shaped hollow outer end. Brace-rods ,Aare bolted to the spokes of the wheel at one of their ends, and are passed through the outer end of rod 0, nuts on the ends of the rodsholding them to the said rod 0. The wheel N comprises the spokes j, which radiate from the hub, the inner rim, 7c,and the outer rim, Z, said rims being made in sections between each pair of spokes, which sections are suitably coupled together. The rims Z have their outer sides provided at intervals with projections at, one side of which is in- 'clined, and to this inclined side of the projections are riveted the slats or blades 02. of the wheel. Of course the inner'ends of the blades or slats are closer together than the outer ends. It will be observed that the slats or blades '1 of the wheel are set on an incline corresponding to the inclination of the projection m. The inner edges of the slats or blades where they join with the rims 7c Z are held in place by means of flanges 0, which fit over the inner edges of the slats. As the flanges 0 are inclined also, and arranged at a short distance from the projection m, a seat, 10, is provided in the outer edges of the rims, between the flanges 0 and the said projectionm, for the reception of the inner edges of each blade or slat of the wheel. In practice the slats are to be made of Wood and the rims of cast metal, the former being riveted to the rims and held securely in place. This method of constructing the wheel has been ,found desirable and to possess considerable advantages over the old form of windmill. The seat 1) in the rims, to receive the inner edges of the slats, serves to take the strain off the rivet or other fastening for the slats when the latter are acted upon by the wind.

Extending upward from the turn-table D is a standard, P, which is connected at its upper end tothe extension h of the cap-piece I. Pins q q project upwardly from the standard P and turn-table D, and are arranged in a vertical 'line, soas to serve as pivots or pintles for the hinge-plates of the vane-bar Q. The said bar 7 each other to receive the respective pins q q.

By this arrangement the vane-bar is hinged to the turn-table to cause the turning thereof as the wind changes. The vane-bar can also be detached, when desired, by lifting it off the I pivot-pins q q,- and to prevent accidental detachment of the vane-.bar'the upper ends of the pins should be provided with detachable heads, which it was not thought necessary to show in the drawings.

A bar, R, is secured at one end to the turntable and projects outward therefrom on one side of the Vane-bar Q, a lever, S, being pivoted to the outer end of the bar R, and having its upper end connected by a chain, 8, to the vane-bar Q. An adjustable weight, T, is secured by a set-screw on the lever S. It will be seen that the weighted lever acts to normally retain the vane-bar in a certain position, as will be fully described'hereinafter.

The'extension h of the cap-piece I is provided with a rigid perforated lug or bearing, t, and a swinging perforated bearing, 15, the latter being held rigid by turning down the screw which serves as the pivot for the swinging bearing 2. A bell-crank lever, U, has its pivots fitted in the bearings 25 t, and provided with an arm, a, connecting by means of a chain, c, with the vane-bar Q on the side opposite to the chain 8, and another arm, to, havinga rope or cord, 00, connected thereto, and extending down through the tower or derrick to the ground.

The swinging bearing t allows the adjustment of the bell-crank lever to its position on the mill. By swinging the bearing t to one side the bell-crank lever may be removed, and

throwing the bearing 25 back, the bell-crank IIO WVhen the mill is in operation, the vane-bar weighted lever S also serves to keep the stoparm y pressed against the standard P, so that, no matter in which direction the wind is blowing, the vane-bar will be turned by the action of the wind against the vane, to cause the wheel to present its face full to the wind.

Should the speed of the wind become too roll the wheel out of the wind.

rapid, it is desirable to have the wheel turned out of the wind. This is effected by pulling onto the cord or wire :0, by means of which the bell-crank lever U is operated to cause the vane to swing around on a line with the former position of the wheel. The wind acts upon the vane during the turning of the same to Some provision should be made for holding the parts in this position by tying the cord or rope to the windmill tower or derrick.

Should it be desired to restore the parts to their normal positions, the cord 00 is loosened, the bell-crank lever U drops back, andthe vane swings around to its original position, with the stop-arm 3 against the standard P, the weighted lever S, or merely the weight of the vane-bar, causing the automatic swinging or returning of the vane to the position stated. It should be understood that in some cases the weighted lever S may be omitted, as the weight of the vane with its vane-bar will be sufficient to restore the parts around to their normal positions after the cord as has been released.

Should a storm suddenly come up, the pressure of the wind against the vane will overcome the lever S and throw the vane around and cause the rolling of the wheel outof the direct force of the wind. Of course, as soon as the storm has spent its force the weighted lever S, combined with the weight of the vane-bar, restores the parts to their normal positions. In this manner the wheel will be protected to some extent during a heavy storm, as it will be carried by the movement of the vane out of the direct forceof the wind.

The speed of the wheel may be readily governed by means of the cord at operating the vane in the manner explained, and thus the windmill may be kept under control.

The piu-and-link connection between the wheel-shaft and the pump-pole provides a powerful and steady stroke to the said pumppole with less friction and wear than by a gear or any other connection.

In Figs. 7 and 8 we have shown in place of the balls a series of pins arranged around the wheel-shaft to form a pin or rolling bearing for the latter, to reduce friction and allow the free working of the parts.

Haviu g described our invention, we claim-- 1. In a windmill, the derrick or tower comprising the corner-posts arranged in a series and converging toward their upper ends, thesocket-piece fitted in the space at the junction of the posts, and bolts passed through and connectiug the posts, and also holding the socketpiece in place by the securing of the parts together, said socket-piece comprising the flange or horizontal portion 6, to rest on the upper ends of all the posts, the hollow main portion c,and the projecting fins d, fitting between each pair of posts, for the purpose set forth, substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, the turntable having the pins q q, in combination with the vane-bar having the trunnions M to fit on the pins, and a stop-arm, y, formed on one of the trunnions, as set forth.

3. The turn-table provided with the standard P and arm G, in combinationwith the cap I, the wind-wheel shaft, the extension h on the cap secured to the standard, and the pump, pole or plunger operated by the wind-wheel shaft and working through the extension, as set forth.

4.. In a windmill, the combination, with the hinged vane-bar and the turn-table having the bearings t it, one of which is laterally adjustable, of the lever U, working in the bearing and connected to the vaue-bar, and an operatingcord attached to the lever, as set forth.

"5. In a windmill, the combination, with the turntable provided with the bearings t t, one of which is laterally movable, of the bell-crank lever U, provided with two arms, the operating-cord attached to one of the arms of the lever, the vane-bar hinged to the turn-table, and connections between the other arm of the lever and the vane-bar, as set forth.

Intestimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto affixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

ALVA L. KITSELMAN. DAVIS M. KITSELMAN.

Witnesses:

HENRY P. KITSELMAN, DAVID K. DEvoR. 

